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Introduction
There two ways to convey a message of a person, or the words spoken by a person to other person.
(a) Direct speech
(b) Indirect speech
Suppose your friend whose name is Ali tells you in school, “I will give you a pen”. You come to home and you want to tell your brother what your friend told you. There are two ways to tell him.
Direct speech: Ali said, “I will give you a pen”.
Indirect Speech: Ali said that he would give me a pen.
In direct speech the original words of person are narrated (no change is made) and are enclosed in quotation marks.
While in indirect speech some changes are made in original words of the person because these words have been uttered in past so the tense will change accordingly and pronoun may also be changed accordingly. In indirect speech the statement of the person is not enclosed in quotation marks, the word “that” may be used before the statement to show that it is indirect speech. Indirect speech is also called reported speech because reported speech refers to the second part of indirect speech in which something has been told by a person.
Reporting verb: The verb first part of sentence (i.e. he said, she said, he says, they said, she says,) before the statement of a person in sentence is called reporting verb.
Examples: In all of the following examples the reporting verb is “said”
He said, “I work in a factory” (Direct speech)
He said that he worked in a factory. (Indirect speech)
They said, “We are going to cinema” (Direct speech)
They said that they were going to cinema. (Indirect speech)
Reported Speech. The second part of indirect speech in which something has been told by a person (which is enclosed in quotation marks in direct speech) is called reported speech.
For example, a sentence of indirect speech is, He said that he worked in a factory. In this sentence the second part “he worked in a factory” is called reported speech and that is why the indirect speech as a whole can also be called reported speech.
Read Also
FUNDAMENTAL RULES FOR INDIRECT SPEECHHow to change Interrogative Sentences
Table for Change in Tense
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